SHOW CHARACTER SET [LIKE 'pattern']
        The SHOW CHARACTER SET statement
        shows all available character sets. It takes an optional
        LIKE clause that indicates which
        character set names to match. For example:
      
mysql> SHOW CHARACTER SET LIKE 'latin%';
+---------+-----------------------------+-------------------+--------+
| Charset | Description                 | Default collation | Maxlen |
+---------+-----------------------------+-------------------+--------+
| latin1  | cp1252 West European        | latin1_swedish_ci |      1 |
| latin2  | ISO 8859-2 Central European | latin2_general_ci |      1 |
| latin5  | ISO 8859-9 Turkish          | latin5_turkish_ci |      1 |
| latin7  | ISO 8859-13 Baltic          | latin7_general_ci |      1 |
+---------+-----------------------------+-------------------+--------+
        The Maxlen column shows the maximum number of
        bytes required to store one character.
      
        SHOW CHARACTER SET is available
        as of MySQL 4.1.0.
      

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